Skip to content
Χρονικόν
EL · Ελληνικά

Chronicle VIII of XIV

The Late Period

The Last Pharaohs

The last native pharaohs, two Persian conquests, and the arrival of Alexander.

Span
c. 664 – 332 BCE
Entries
8
  1. 664 BC

    Twenty-sixth DynastyCultural

    The Saite renaissance

    Reunited under the kings of Sais, Egypt enjoys a revival of prosperity, art, and tradition, deliberately modelled on the glories of the Old and Middle Kingdoms.

    Meanwhile, elsewhere · 3
  2. 610 BC

    Twenty-sixth DynastyMilitary

    Necho II, Carchemish, and a canal to the Red Sea

    Necho II marches into Syria but is checked by Babylon at Carchemish; at home he begins a canal linking the Nile to the Red Sea and reputedly sponsors a voyage around Africa.

    Meanwhile, elsewhere · 3
  3. 570 BC

    Twenty-sixth DynastyPolitical

    Amasis and the golden age of Sais

    Amasis, the last great Saite king, presides over a wealthy, cosmopolitan Egypt, strengthening ties with the Greek world and prospering through trade.

    Meanwhile, elsewhere · 3
  4. 525 BC

    Twenty-seventh DynastyMilitary

    The Persian conquest of Cambyses

    The Persian king Cambyses II defeats Psamtik III at Pelusium and annexes Egypt, making it a satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire — the First Persian Period.

    Meanwhile, elsewhere · 3
  5. 404 BC

    Last Native DynastiesPolitical

    Egypt throws off Persian rule

    Amyrtaeus of Sais expels the Persians and restores native rule, beginning six decades of independence under the Twenty-eighth to Thirtieth Dynasties.

    Meanwhile, elsewhere · 3
  6. 380 BC

    Thirtieth DynastyCultural

    Nectanebo I and the last native pharaohs

    Nectanebo I founds the Thirtieth Dynasty, the last of native Egyptian kings, and adorns the land with a great wave of temple building.

    Meanwhile, elsewhere · 3
  7. 343 BC

    Thirty-first DynastyMilitary

    The second Persian conquest

    Artaxerxes III reconquers Egypt, driving out Nectanebo II and reimposing Persian rule in the brief and bitter Thirty-first Dynasty.

    Meanwhile, elsewhere · 3
  8. 332 BC

    Macedonian ConquestPolitical

    Alexander the Great enters Egypt

    Alexander the Great takes Egypt from the Persians without a fight, is hailed as liberator and pharaoh, and founds Alexandria, ending the Late Period.

    Meanwhile, elsewhere · 3