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Historical Period

From the Hashemite kingdom through Saddam and the wars to Iraq today.

Use the timeline below to navigate through major events and milestones.

Modern Iraq · 1920-present
Modern Iraq

Modern Iraq

Out of the Ottoman provinces of Baghdad, Basra, and Mosul, Britain assembled a new state, and Iraqis have been contesting its shape ever since — through monarchy and revolution, the Ba'ath and Saddam Hussein, a generation of wars, and the long struggle to rebuild. Across a century, the land of the world's first cities has sought to become a modern nation. Slide across the history of Iraq from its founding to today.

1920 AD
British Mandate
1 / 11

1920 AD

British Mandate
  • Political

    The Great Iraqi Revolt

    A widespread revolt against British occupation unites Sunni and Shia and forges a sense of Iraqi nationhood.

11 milestones

Meanwhile

Around 1920 AD

Full Chronicle

Modern Iraq

Out of the Ottoman provinces of Baghdad, Basra, and Mosul, Britain assembled a new state, and Iraqis have been contesting its shape ever since — through monarchy and revolution, the Ba'ath and Saddam Hussein, a generation of wars, and the long struggle to rebuild. Across a century, the land of the world's first cities has sought to become a modern nation. Slide across the history of Iraq from its founding to today.

  1. British Mandate
    • The Great Iraqi Revolt

      A widespread revolt against British occupation unites Sunni and Shia and forges a sense of Iraqi nationhood.

  2. Kingdom of Iraq
    • King Faisal and the Kingdom of Iraq

      Britain installs the Hashemite prince Faisal I as king of a new Iraqi state under British mandate.

  3. Kingdom of Iraq
    • Independence

      Iraq becomes formally independent and joins the League of Nations, though British influence remains strong.

  4. Republic of Iraq
    • The 14 July Revolution

      Army officers overthrow the monarchy, kill the royal family, and proclaim the Republic of Iraq.

  5. Republic of Iraq
    • The Ba'ath Party seizes power

      The Arab nationalist Ba'ath Party takes control of Iraq, beginning thirty-five years of one-party rule.

  6. Republic of Iraq
    • Saddam Hussein takes power

      Saddam Hussein becomes president and consolidates absolute control through a sweeping purge.

  7. The Wars
    • The Iran–Iraq War

      Iraq invades revolutionary Iran, opening an eight-year war that costs perhaps a million lives.

  8. The Wars
    • The invasion of Kuwait and the Gulf War

      Iraq annexes Kuwait, and a US-led coalition drives it out, leaving Iraq under crippling sanctions.

  9. War & Occupation
    • The fall of Saddam Hussein

      A US-led invasion topples Saddam Hussein, beginning an occupation and years of insurgency and civil strife.

  10. War against ISIS
    • The war against ISIS

      The Islamic State seizes Mosul and a third of Iraq before being driven out in years of hard fighting.

  11. Iraq Today
    • Iraq today

      A federal republic rich in oil and heritage rebuilds, balancing its communities and reclaiming its ancient past.